Admission to an MTS in-hospital bed as a result of, and within 7 days of, injury
Death in hospital following injury (including deaths in the emergency department)
If in doubt of inclusion of borderline cases, please discuss and resolve these issues in the local audit meeting. If any further doubt exists MTS will arbitrate on inclusion.
Exclusions
Trauma patients seen and discharged from the emergency department (including those that were trauma-called).
Injuries attributable to documented pathological processes such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, metastatic disease, etc.
Isolated peri-prosthetic fractures.
Exertional injuries: e.g. tendon rupture not associated with external force (body tissue failure due to internally generated force).
Hanging, drowning without evidence of anatomical injury.
Poisoning
Foreign bodies that do not cause anatomic injury.
Patients admitted primarily for pre-existing medical conditions e.g. epilepsy, syncope, Parkinson’s, etc. who are not admitted directly as a result of their injuries, (e.g. syncope / collapse causing laceration to forehead).
Terminology
Term
Description
Event
An event refers to the occurrence of a single injury incident
Admission
An admission refers to a period of occupancy of a patient in an inpatient bed excluding Emergency Department
Expected
Expected calculations are based on population demographics supplied by Statistics New Zealand to District Health Boards
Incidence
Incidence rates of injury are calculated as events per 100 000 people per year resulting in hospital admission
Length of Stay (LOS)
The length of stay of a patient is the length of time from admission date to final discharge date
Mechanism
The mechanism is the means by which injury occurs. E.g. road traffic crash (RTC)
Observed
Observed is the analysis based on the data in the MRTS registry
Population demographics
The population demographics of the hospital have been used as a comparison
Outcome
Outcome is alive or dead at discharge
Severity
The Injury Severity Score (ISS) 12 is calculated from Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for single injuries 345 . A score of greater or equal to 13 is reported as a major trauma case a score of less than 13 is reported as a minor trauma case. AIS is the international standard for injury scoring.
Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS)
The TRISS is the predicted probability of survival. This is calculated for major trauma events.
Type of injury
Blunt Penetrating or Burn
1 Baker SP, O’Neill B, Haddon W, Long WV, The Injury Severity Score: Development and Potential Usefulness, Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 18: 58-74, 1974. Baker SP, O’Neill B, The Injury Severity Score: An Update, J Trauma 16: 882-885, 1976. 345 Rating the severity of Tissue Damage. The Abbreviated Injury Scale, JAMA 215(2):277-280, 1971. Petrucelli E, States JD, Hames LN, The Abbreviated Injury Scale: Evolution, Usage and Future Adaptability Accid. Anal.& Prev. 13: 29-35, 1982. Champion HR, Copes WS, Sacco WJ, et al. The Major Trauma Outcome Study: Establishing National Norms for Trauma Care, J Trauma 30 (11), 1356-1365, 1990.
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